Silver has a rich history of use in medicine and hygiene due to its broad-spectrum toxicity to bacteria, fungi and algae. For a number of years, silver has been used increasingly in its nano-particulate form. This form exhibits an elevated toxic potential compared to traditional silver compounds. Silver is not considered a systemic toxin in humans except at high doses. Products containing nanosilver are one of the most important classes of nanoproducts. Nanosilver coatings on medical devices are used in hospital settings. In addition, items containing nanosilver are sold as various consumer products. Here, the widespread use of nanosilver to fight bacterial growth has raised concerns, as low levels of silver ions could encourage the growth of silver-resistant bacteria. It cannot be excluded that the beneficial healthy microflora of the human skin could be damaged following the use of cosmetic products containing nanosilver ingredients. If discharged with wastewater, silver persists and accumulates to elevated concentrations. Ecological damage to aquatic environments, to the bacteria in waste water treatment plants and to microbial communities of the soil should not be overlooked.