Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) possess remarkable properties that make them attractive for many applications, including non-stick coatings, waterproof clothing, and firefighting foams. However, this is a double-edged sword: their thermal and chemical resistance also means that they do not degrade easily once released into the environment.

Consequently, PFAS are now regularly detected in even the most remote regions of the planet. They are found in blood samples of humans and wildlife, and are associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes: PFAS have been shown to weaken the immune system, interfere with foetal development,disrupt endocrine function and increase cancer risk.