Engineered Living Materials (ELMs) incorporate living organisms in the synthesis process or seamlessly integrate them into conventional technological substrates, giving rise to novel functional materials. The transformative impact of ELMs spans various length scales and domains, such as construction, biomedicine and wearable technology. This impact arises from their exceptional attributes, including self-repair mechanisms, environmental responsiveness and inherent biocompatibility. This NanoTrust Dossier thoroughly examines the current state of ELMs production, offering a comprehensive systematic classification based on various parameters and elucidates recent strides in this dynamic field. Exploring ELMs unveils their scientific intricacies and underscores their potential to revolutionize and redefine material technologies in various applications.